An epidemic of a disease has broken out in Nanavale. The symptoms are stomach ache, vomiting and tiredness. Many families in Nanavale have only one member with the disease, therefore it is apparently non-infectious. The symptoms appear worse in infants than adults. Isolated cases of this disease have occurred in the nearby towns of Dairyville and Beeville. No cases have been reported on Gull Island. Design an epidemiological study to investigate the origin of the disease.

SSCE HSC Biology Adaptations and survival: An epidemic of a disease has bro

Study Objective: The primary aim is to identify the origin of the disease affecting Nanavale and its isolated occurrences in Dairyville and Beeville.
Study Type: A case-control study is appropriate for this investigation. This approach will allow us to compare individuals affected by the disease with those who are unaffected.
Case Definition: Define cases as individuals exhibiting symptoms of stomach ache, vomiting, and tiredness, and particularly focusing on infants in Nanavale.
Control Selection: Select controls from the same towns (Nanavale, Dairyville, Beeville) who have not exhibited any symptoms. This will help identify risk factors associated with the disease.
Data Collection:
- Conduct structured interviews to gather information about potential exposure sources (food, water, etc.).
- Record demographic data, including age, gender, and health history, to analyze risk factors.
Statistical Analysis: Utilize statistical tools to compare the history of exposure (e.g., diet, water sources) between cases and controls. Evaluate the odds ratio to identify potential associations.
Conclusion and Recommendations: Based on findings, provide recommendations for public health actions to mitigate the disease's impact and prevent future occurrences.