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This flow chart represents a model of polypeptide production - HSC - SSCE Biology - Question 18 - 2005 - Paper 1
Question 18
This flow chart represents a model of polypeptide production. In the table below, name and outline what occurs in Processes 1 and 2: Name of process (word or phras... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:This flow chart represents a model of polypeptide production - HSC - SSCE Biology - Question 18 - 2005 - Paper 1
Step 1
Process 1
Answer
Transcription
In this process, the information in the DNA is transcribed to produce messenger RNA (mRNA). This involves unwinding the DNA double helix and synthesizing a complementary RNA strand based on the DNA template. The enzyme RNA polymerase plays a crucial role in this process, adding ribonucleotides according to the base pairing rules: adenine pairs with uracil and cytosine pairs with guanine.
Step 2
Process 2
Answer
Translation
During translation, the mRNA produced in transcription is used as a template to synthesize a polypeptide chain at the ribosome. Transfer RNA (tRNA) molecules bring the appropriate amino acids to the ribosome, where sequences of three nucleotides (codons) on the mRNA determine which amino acids are added. This process ultimately results in the formation of a polypeptide with the correct amino acid sequence, which will then fold into a functional protein.