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'The application of modern reproductive techniques in plant and animal breeding limits genetic diversity.' Discuss this statement. - HSC - SSCE Biology - Question 29 - 2015 - Paper 1
Question 29
'The application of modern reproductive techniques in plant and animal breeding limits genetic diversity.' Discuss this statement.
Worked Solution & Example Answer:'The application of modern reproductive techniques in plant and animal breeding limits genetic diversity.' Discuss this statement. - HSC - SSCE Biology - Question 29 - 2015 - Paper 1
Step 1
Describe a reproductive technique used in plant breeding
Answer
One prominent technique in plant breeding is artificial pollination, which involves the transfer of pollen from the anther of one flower to the stigma of another. This method can allow breeders to combine desirable traits from different plant varieties.
Step 2
Describe a reproductive technique used in animal breeding
Answer
In animal breeding, a widely used technique is artificial insemination. This process collects sperm from a male and introduces it into the reproductive system of a female to achieve pregnancy. It enables breeders to select for specific genetic traits without the need for natural mating.
Step 3
Provide arguments that these techniques limit genetic diversity
Answer
While these reproductive techniques can enhance specific desirable traits, they can also limit genetic diversity. For instance, reliance on a few elite breeding individuals can lead to a narrow genetic pool, resulting in increased susceptibility to diseases and environmental changes. This genetic homogeneity could hinder the ability of the population to adapt to new challenges.
Step 4
Provide arguments that these techniques do not limit genetic diversity
Answer
Conversely, these techniques can also support genetic diversity. By facilitating the controlled crossbreeding of diverse genetic stock, they enable the introduction of novel traits into a population. For example, artificial pollination can bring together various strains to produce hybrids that possess advantageous characteristics, potentially enhancing overall resilience.