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Question 24 (5 marks) (a) Name a viral disease that is controlled by the use of a vaccine - HSC - SSCE Biology - Question 24 - 2011 - Paper 1
Question 24
Question 24 (5 marks) (a) Name a viral disease that is controlled by the use of a vaccine. ........................................................................... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Question 24 (5 marks) (a) Name a viral disease that is controlled by the use of a vaccine - HSC - SSCE Biology - Question 24 - 2011 - Paper 1
Step 1
Name a viral disease that is controlled by the use of a vaccine.
Answer
One viral disease that is controlled by the use of a vaccine is measles. The measles vaccine is part of the routine immunization schedule in many countries, which helps to prevent outbreaks of this highly contagious disease.
Step 2
Outline how a vaccine that is prepared in this way will produce immunity to a specific viral disease.
Answer
The vaccine is made by isolating the virus and breaking it into its components. This allows for the protein coat of the virus to retain its structure, which is crucial for evoking an immune response. When administered, the vaccine introduces these protein elements into the body without causing disease. The immune system recognizes these proteins as foreign and mounts an immune response to produce specific antibodies. This process builds immunological memory, allowing the body to respond quickly and effectively should it encounter the actual virus in the future.
Step 3
Explain ONE procedure in the flowchart that ensures the safety of the prepared vaccine.
Answer
One procedure that ensures the safety of the prepared vaccine is the step where nucleic acids are discarded after breaking up the virus particles. By removing the nucleic acids, which are responsible for the replication of the virus, this step ensures that no infectious material is present in the final vaccine product. Therefore, the vaccine can stimulate an immune response without posing a risk of causing disease.