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The diagram shows the parts of a pea plant flower, similar to those used by Mendel in his experiments to investigate the inheritance of characteristics - HSC - SSCE Biology - Question 29 - 2016 - Paper 1
Question 29
The diagram shows the parts of a pea plant flower, similar to those used by Mendel in his experiments to investigate the inheritance of characteristics. (a) Describ... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:The diagram shows the parts of a pea plant flower, similar to those used by Mendel in his experiments to investigate the inheritance of characteristics - HSC - SSCE Biology - Question 29 - 2016 - Paper 1
Step 1
Describe TWO ways in which Mendel’s use of flower parts contributed to the success of his experiments.
Answer
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Controlled Pollination: Mendel used the flower parts to facilitate controlled pollination. By removing the anthers from one flower, he prevented self-fertilization and ensured that he could cross-pollinate with pollen from another flower, allowing him to study the inheritance patterns.
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Clear Distinction of Traits: The flower parts enabled Mendel to identify and select traits easily. For instance, he could observe distinct traits such as flower color and pod shape, which facilitated the tracking of inheritance across generations.
Step 2
How did Mendel’s experimental results advance our knowledge of the inheritance of characteristics?
Answer
Mendel’s experimental results were groundbreaking in demonstrating the concept of heredity through discrete units, now known as genes. He established the principles of segregation and independent assortment, which explained how traits are inherited separately. His methodology revealed predictable ratios in trait inheritance patterns, which laid the foundation for modern genetics, disproving the blending theory that was prevalent at the time. Consequently, Mendel's work provided a scientific basis for understanding genetic variation in organisms.