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Our knowledge of biology is increased by scientists exploring and testing ideas using available technologies - HSC - SSCE Biology - Question 30 - 2014 - Paper 1
Question 30
Our knowledge of biology is increased by scientists exploring and testing ideas using available technologies. The explanations of scientists are then verified or mod... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Our knowledge of biology is increased by scientists exploring and testing ideas using available technologies - HSC - SSCE Biology - Question 30 - 2014 - Paper 1
Step 1
Explain Gregor Mendel's Contribution
Answer
Gregor Mendel explored the inheritance of traits in pea plants using artificial pollination. He crossed pure breeding plants to produce the F1 generation. After observing that the F1 plants had traits different from both parent plants, he concluded that traits are inherited as discrete units (now known as genes). His foundational work established the laws of inheritance, demonstrating that traits can be dominant or recessive, which was then validated by later scientists.
Step 2
Describe Thomas Hunt Morgan's Work
Answer
Thomas Hunt Morgan utilized fruit flies (Drosophila melanogaster) in his experiments to observe inheritance patterns. He contributed significantly by discovering sex-linked traits and demonstrating that genes are located on chromosomes. His work validated Mendel's theories by providing a physical basis for the inheritance of traits, showcasing how traits could be manipulated and verified through genetic mapping.
Step 3
Discuss Watson and Crick's Influence
Answer
James Watson and Francis Crick built upon the previous work of Mendel and Morgan to uncover the structure of DNA in 1953. Their model of the double helix explained how genetic information is stored and transmitted through generations, reinforcing the understanding of inheritance at a molecular level. Their discoveries have since influenced countless advancements in genetics, including gene therapy and biotechnologies, demonstrating the evolving nature of scientific knowledge.