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Question 38 — Forensic Chemistry (25 marks) Answer parts (a)–(c) in Section II Answer Booklet 1 - HSC - SSCE Chemistry - Question 38 - 2012 - Paper 1
Question 38
Question 38 — Forensic Chemistry (25 marks) Answer parts (a)–(c) in Section II Answer Booklet 1. (a) Describe how the different characteristics of a soil sample... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Question 38 — Forensic Chemistry (25 marks) Answer parts (a)–(c) in Section II Answer Booklet 1 - HSC - SSCE Chemistry - Question 38 - 2012 - Paper 1
Step 1
Describe how the different characteristics of a soil sample would allow forensic chemists to trace its origin.
Answer
To trace the origin of a soil sample, forensic chemists analyze various characteristics. These include the soil's color, texture, mineral composition, pH levels, and moisture content. By comparing these features with other soil samples from potential sources, chemists can establish matches or differences. For instance, the presence of specific minerals can provide clues about the geological background of an area, while variations in texture and particle sizes may indicate different environmental conditions such as erosion or deposition. By integrating these factors, forensic chemists can make informed conclusions about the soil's origin.
Step 2
Describe what precautions should be undertaken to ensure that the evidence collected for this purpose is accepted by the court.
Answer
To ensure that the evidence from urine samples is accepted in court, several precautions must be taken. Firstly, both samples A and B should be collected using validated procedures to avoid contamination. The collectors must wear gloves and follow hygiene practices. Additionally, proper labeling of samples with unique identifiers is crucial to maintain chain of custody. The samples should be sealed securely to prevent tampering, and the storage conditions must be controlled to preserve their integrity. Documentation of all procedures performed during collection and testing must be meticulous, ensuring transparency and traceability.
Step 3
Outline how recent advances in technology could have altered the outcome of a specific case.
Answer
Recent advances in technology, such as the development of highly sensitive mass spectrometry techniques, have dramatically improved the ability to detect banned substances in urine samples. These technologies allow for the identification of low concentrations of substances that were previously undetectable. Furthermore, the introduction of automated sample analysis has increased the reliability and speed of test results, minimizing human error. For example, the use of advanced chromatography techniques enables forensic analysts to separate and accurately quantify multiple substances within a single test. Such advancements could have altered the outcome of cases, allowing for clearer evidence that either confirms or refutes suspicions of doping.