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Compare the dietary requirements of athletes in TWO sports that have different nutritional needs - HSC - SSCE Personal Development and Physical Education - Question 25 - 2011 - Paper 1
Question 25
Compare the dietary requirements of athletes in TWO sports that have different nutritional needs. Provide relevant examples.
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Compare the dietary requirements of athletes in TWO sports that have different nutritional needs - HSC - SSCE Personal Development and Physical Education - Question 25 - 2011 - Paper 1
Step 1
Athlete Dietary Requirements in Endurance Sports
Answer
Athletes participating in endurance sports, such as marathon running, have distinct dietary needs primarily focused on maximizing energy levels and sustaining prolonged activity. These athletes require a high carbohydrate intake, which constitutes about 60-70% of their daily caloric intake. Carbohydrates are vital as they replenish glycogen stores in muscles, which are depleted during prolonged exercise.
For instance, a marathon runner might consume complex carbohydrates like whole grains, fruits, and vegetables prior to an event to ensure adequate energy levels. Additionally, hydration is essential, with athletes advised to drink fluids containing electrolytes to prevent dehydration during long training sessions and competitions.
Step 2
Athlete Dietary Requirements in Strength Sports
Answer
In contrast, athletes involved in strength sports, such as powerlifting, have nutritional needs focused on increasing muscle mass and strength. These athletes typically consume higher levels of protein, around 1.2 to 2.2 grams of protein per kilogram of body weight, which aids in muscle repair and growth. The overall diet may consist of 25-30% protein, with the rest being a mix of fats and carbohydrates to support energy requirements and recovery.
An example would be a powerlifter focusing on protein-rich foods like lean meats, eggs, and dairy, combined with healthy fats like avocados and nuts. Additionally, they must ensure sufficient calorie intake to foster an anabolic state, which is crucial for muscle gain.
Step 3
Comparison of Nutritional Needs
Answer
To summarize, while both endurance and strength athletes require a balanced diet, their focus differs significantly:
- Endurance athletes prioritize carbohydrates for energy to sustain long workouts or competitions.
- Strength athletes emphasize protein to build and repair muscle tissue, ensuring maximum strength gains.
Both types of athletes must also consider hydration, while the sources of carbohydrates and protein will vary based on their sports' specific demands.