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a. Describe the roles of coenzymes in the formation of ATP - VCE - SSCE Biology - Question 4 - 2023 - Paper 1
Question 4
a. Describe the roles of coenzymes in the formation of ATP. Coenzymes, such as NAD and FAD, carry hydrogen ions and/or electrons to the electron transport chain in ... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:a. Describe the roles of coenzymes in the formation of ATP - VCE - SSCE Biology - Question 4 - 2023 - Paper 1
Step 1
Describe the roles of coenzymes in the formation of ATP.
Answer
Coenzymes, particularly NAD and FAD, are essential in the biochemical pathways that synthesize ATP. They function as carriers of hydrogen ions and electrons during the electron transport chain, a crucial stage of aerobic respiration. By facilitating the transfer of these elements, coenzymes allow ADP to react with inorganic phosphate (Pi) to eventually form ATP.
Step 2
Why are the results the same irrespective of the presence of oxygen? Explain your answer.
Answer
The results are consistent regardless of oxygen availability due to the nature of red blood cells. These cells do not possess mitochondria, the organelles responsible for aerobic respiration. Consequently, they can only utilize anaerobic pathways for energy production, converting glucose to lactate at a constant rate. Thus, whether oxygen is present or absent, the metabolic outcome remains unchanged.