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Each individual contains millions of different kinds of B cells that produce different kinds of antibodies - VCE - SSCE Biology - Question 22 - 2006 - Paper 1
Question 22
Each individual contains millions of different kinds of B cells that produce different kinds of antibodies. This diversity of B cells is due to the A. arrangement of... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Each individual contains millions of different kinds of B cells that produce different kinds of antibodies - VCE - SSCE Biology - Question 22 - 2006 - Paper 1
Step 1
A. rearrangement of gene segments.
Answer
The diversity of B cells, which enables the production of a wide range of antibodies, predominantly arises from the rearrangement of gene segments. This process, known as V(D)J recombination, occurs during the development of B cells in the bone marrow. The rearrangement allows for the formation of unique antibody specificities by combining various gene segments coding for the variable regions of antibodies.
This genetic recombination is crucial as it generates the necessary diversity required for the immune system to recognize and respond to a myriad of pathogens effectively. Each unique B cell can produce a distinct antibody, ensuring a robust adaptive immune response.
Step 2
B. splicing of protein molecules.
Answer
While splicing of protein molecules is an important biological process, it does not contribute directly to the diversity of B cells. Instead, it relates to post-transcriptional modifications of messenger RNA (mRNA) which can affect protein expression but does not inherently create diversity in B cell types.
Step 3
C. action of cytotoxic T cells.
Answer
Cytotoxic T cells play a role in the immune response by targeting and destroying infected or cancerous cells. However, they do not influence the genetic diversity of B cells themselves, as their function is distinct from B cell development and antibody production.
Step 4
D. interferon proteins.
Answer
Interferon proteins are important in the immune response, particularly in antiviral defenses. However, they do not directly impact the diversity of B cells. Interferons play roles in signaling and modulating immune responses but do not generate antibody diversity.