Cytokines are an example of a signalling molecule:
A - VCE - SSCE Biology - Question 20 - 2017 - Paper 1
Question 20
Cytokines are an example of a signalling molecule:
A. are hydrophobic (lipid-based) hormones.
B. produced by a cell can diffuse to a nearby target cell.
C. cross a ... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Cytokines are an example of a signalling molecule:
A - VCE - SSCE Biology - Question 20 - 2017 - Paper 1
Step 1
A. are hydrophobic (lipid-based) hormones.
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Answer
This statement is incorrect. Cytokines are generally hydrophilic proteins, not hydrophobic hormones.
Step 2
B. produced by a cell can diffuse to a nearby target cell.
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Answer
This statement is correct. Cytokines are signaling molecules that can be secreted by cells and diffuse to act on nearby cells.
Step 3
C. cross a synapse by moving down a concentration gradient.
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Answer
This statement is incorrect as cytokines do not typically act across synapses like neurotransmitters. Instead, they typically act over longer distances in the immune system.
Step 4
D. are secreted by an animal, then released into the air and produce an effect in another animal.
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Answer
This statement is incorrect. While some signaling molecules can be airborne, cytokines usually act locally or systemically within the same organism rather than between different animals via air.
