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Following a cut or a burn to your skin, a highly coordinated set of processes begins to heal the wound - VCE - SSCE Biology - Question 3 - 2016 - Paper 1
Question 3
Following a cut or a burn to your skin, a highly coordinated set of processes begins to heal the wound. The processes are coordinated by molecules that are produced ... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Following a cut or a burn to your skin, a highly coordinated set of processes begins to heal the wound - VCE - SSCE Biology - Question 3 - 2016 - Paper 1
Step 1
a. What name is given to the process by which EGF causes the fibroblasts' cellular responses?
Answer
The process by which EGF causes the fibroblasts' cellular responses is known as signal transduction. This involves the conversion of the external signal (EGF binding to its receptor) into a response within the cell, leading to various cellular activities such as division and movement.
Step 2
b. Name two cell organelles that would be activated by the EGF signal and state the role that each organelle would play in the fibroblasts' cellular responses.
Answer
1. Nucleus: The nucleus plays a crucial role by producing mRNA for the synthesis of proteins needed for cell reproduction and other activities.
2. Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum (RER): The RER is responsible for the production and transport of proteins, particularly those that are secreted or used in the fibroblast’s division and responses.
Step 3
c. Outline the main stages in cell apoptosis once stimulated by the Tc cells.
Answer
1. Initiation: External signals activate the apoptotic pathways which often involve the release of specific enzymes.
2. Execution: Enzymes such as caspases are activated, leading to the digestion of cellular components.
3. Cell Shrinkage and Breakdown: The cell undergoes morphological changes, including shrinkage, fragmentation, and eventual engulfment by phagocytes, which removes the cell debris.