In Australia, Alzheimer’s disease is the most common form of dementia. Alzheimer’s disease is associated with the development of a toxic protein in the brain known as amyloid beta-protein. The amyloid beta-protein builds up to form plaques in the brain. This causes symptoms such as memory loss. The synthesis of amyloid beta-protein occurs in two stages. a. Name the two stages of protein synthesis. b. Describe the main steps of the first stage of synthesis of amyloid beta-protein.

SSCE VCE Biology Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis: In Australia, Alzheimer’s diseas

In Australia, Alzheimer’s disease is the most common form of dementia - VCE - SSCE Biology - Question 1 - 2012 - Paper 1

Question 1

In Australia, Alzheimer’s disease is the most common form of dementia. Alzheimer’s disease is associated with the development of a toxic protein in the brain known a... show full transcript

Worked Solution & Example Answer:In Australia, Alzheimer’s disease is the most common form of dementia - VCE - SSCE Biology - Question 1 - 2012 - Paper 1

Step 1

Name the two stages of protein synthesis.

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Answer

The two stages of protein synthesis are transcription and translation.

Step 2

Describe the main steps of the first stage of synthesis of amyloid beta-protein.

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Answer

The first stage of synthesis of amyloid beta-protein, known as transcription, involves several key steps:

DNA Template Strand Copied: The DNA double helix unwinds, and one strand acts as the template for RNA synthesis.
RNA Polymerase Involved: The enzyme RNA polymerase binds to the DNA at the promoter region and initiates the synthesis of RNA.
Pre-mRNA Produced: RNA nucleotides are added complementary to the DNA template, resulting in the formation of a pre-mRNA molecule.
Post-Transcriptional Modifications: The pre-mRNA undergoes processing where introns are removed, and a poly-A tail or methyl cap is added, producing mature mRNA.

In Australia, Alzheimer’s disease is the most common form of dementia - VCE - SSCE Biology - Question 1 - 2012 - Paper 1

Worked Solution & Example Answer:In Australia, Alzheimer’s disease is the most common form of dementia - VCE - SSCE Biology - Question 1 - 2012 - Paper 1

Name the two stages of protein synthesis.

Describe the main steps of the first stage of synthesis of amyloid beta-protein.

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