Sucrose is a disaccharide - VCE - SSCE Chemistry - Question 5 - 2005 - Paper 1
Question 5
Sucrose is a disaccharide. Bees use an invertase enzyme to convert sucrose to an equimolar mixture of glucose and fructose. The structural formula of sucrose is give... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Sucrose is a disaccharide - VCE - SSCE Chemistry - Question 5 - 2005 - Paper 1
Step 1
Give the name of the functional group circled in the structural formula of sucrose.
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Answer
The functional group circled in the structural formula of sucrose is the hydroxyl (−OH) group.
Step 2
To which of the major food groups does sucrose belong?
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Answer
Sucrose belongs to the carbohydrate food group.
Step 3
Given that glucose has a six-membered ring structure, draw the structural formula of glucose.
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Answer
The structural formula of glucose is represented as:
H OH
| |
H--C--C
| |
HO--C--C
| |
H H
```
This depicts the cyclic structure of glucose, clearly illustrating the six-membered ring.
Step 4
What simple molecule is the other reactant in the conversion of sucrose to glucose and fructose?
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Answer
The other reactant in the conversion of sucrose to glucose and fructose is water (H₂O).
Step 5
Explain why the percentage yield is higher at 35°C than at 5°C.
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Answer
The percentage yield is higher at 35°C than at 5°C because enzymatic reactions generally proceed faster at optimal temperatures. At lower temperatures, the rate of enzyme activity decreases, leading to lower substrate conversion rates.
Step 6
Explain why the percentage yield is higher at 35°C than at 95°C.
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Answer
The percentage yield is higher at 35°C than at 95°C because extreme temperatures, such as 95°C, can denature the invertase enzyme, rendering it inactive. As a result, the conversion of sucrose to glucose and fructose is significantly reduced.
