Describe how the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is replicated once inside helper T cells (T_H cells).
- AQA - A-Level Biology - Question 2 - 2021 - Paper 1
Question 2
Describe how the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is replicated once inside helper T cells (T_H cells).
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Describe how the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is replicated once inside helper T cells (T_H cells).
- AQA - A-Level Biology - Question 2 - 2021 - Paper 1
Step 1
Step 1: Conversion of RNA to DNA
96%
114 rated
Only available for registered users.
Sign up now to view full answer, or log in if you already have an account!
Answer
Once HIV enters a helper T cell, its RNA genome is converted into DNA by the enzyme reverse transcriptase.
Step 2
Step 2: Incorporation into Host DNA
99%
104 rated
Only available for registered users.
Sign up now to view full answer, or log in if you already have an account!
Answer
The newly formed viral DNA is then integrated into the host cell's DNA within the nucleus, effectively becoming part of the helper T cell's genome.
Step 3
Step 3: Transcription of Viral DNA
96%
101 rated
Only available for registered users.
Sign up now to view full answer, or log in if you already have an account!
Answer
The integrated HIV DNA is transcribed to produce HIV mRNA, which serves as a template for the synthesis of viral proteins.
Step 4
Step 4: Translation and Assembly
98%
120 rated
Only available for registered users.
Sign up now to view full answer, or log in if you already have an account!
Answer
Finally, the HIV mRNA is translated into new HIV proteins, which are assembled into viral particles before budding off from the host cell.
