Halogenoalkanes are useful compounds in synthesis - AQA - A-Level Chemistry - Question 2 - 2018 - Paper 2
Question 2
Halogenoalkanes are useful compounds in synthesis. A reaction pathway is shown.
CH₃(OH)(CH₂)CH₂Br
Reaction 1
NaOH
CH₃(OH)(CH₂)CH₂OH
Reaction 2
Compound Z
Reac... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Halogenoalkanes are useful compounds in synthesis - AQA - A-Level Chemistry - Question 2 - 2018 - Paper 2
Step 1
Give the IUPAC name for CH₃(OH)(CH₂)CH₂Br.
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Answer
The IUPAC name for CH₃(OH)(CH₂)CH₂Br is 3-bromo-(2)-methylpropan-1-ol.
Step 2
Explain why the halogenoalkane is attacked by the nucleophile in this reaction.
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Answer
The halogenoalkane is attacked by the nucleophile due to the electrophilic nature of the carbon atom directly bonded to the bromine atom.
Bromine is more electronegative than carbon, causing it to pull electron density away from the carbon atom.
Additionally, the lone pair of electrons on the nucleophile is attracted to the partially positive carbon atom, facilitating the nucleophilic substitution reaction.
Step 3
Draw the displayed formula of Compound Y.
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Step 4
Give the structure of Compound Z.
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Answer
The structure of Compound Z (C₃H₇NO) is:
H OH
| |
H₃C - C - CH₂
|
N
Suggest the reagent for Reaction 3:
The suggested reagent for Reaction 3 is KCN (potassium cyanide) or HCN (hydrogen cyanide).
