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Some bond enthalpies are given - AQA - A-Level Chemistry - Question 10 - 2020 - Paper 3

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Some bond enthalpies are given. | Bond | C–H | O–H | O=O | C=O | |---------------|-----|-----|-----|-----| | Bond enthalpy / kJ mol⁻¹ | 412 | 463 | 496 | 7... show full transcript

Worked Solution & Example Answer:Some bond enthalpies are given - AQA - A-Level Chemistry - Question 10 - 2020 - Paper 3

Step 1

Calculate bond enthalpy for reactants

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Answer

To find the total bond enthalpy for the reactants, we need to consider the bonds broken in the reactants. For one molecule of CH₄, there are 4 C–H bonds, and for 2 molecules of O₂, there are 2 O=O bonds:

extTotalbondenthalpyforreactants=4×412kJ+2×496kJ ext{Total bond enthalpy for reactants} = 4 \times 412 \,\text{kJ} + 2 \times 496 \,\text{kJ}

Calculating this gives:

=1648+992=2640kJ= 1648 + 992 = 2640 \,\text{kJ}

Step 2

Calculate bond enthalpy for products

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Answer

Next, we calculate the total bond enthalpy for the products. For 1 molecule of CO₂, there are 2 C=O bonds, and for 2 molecules of H₂O, there are 4 O–H bonds:

extTotalbondenthalpyforproducts=2×743kJ+4×463kJ ext{Total bond enthalpy for products} = 2 \times 743 \,\text{kJ} + 4 \times 463 \,\text{kJ}

Calculating this gives:

=1486+1852=3338kJ= 1486 + 1852 = 3338 \,\text{kJ}

Step 3

Find the enthalpy change

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Answer

The enthalpy change (\Delta H) for the reaction can be found using the formula:

ΔH=Total bond enthalpy for productsTotal bond enthalpy for reactants\Delta H = \text{Total bond enthalpy for products} - \text{Total bond enthalpy for reactants}

Substituting in the values gives:

ΔH=33382640=698kJ\Delta H = 3338 - 2640 = 698 \,\text{kJ}

Since the value is positive, the reaction is endothermic. Thus, the answer is option D: -698 kJ.

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