A-Level AQA Chemistry Introduction to Organic Chemistry: This question is about the prepa

Question

This question is about the preparation of hexan-2-ol.
Hexan-2-ol does not mix with water and has a boiling point of 140 °C.

Hexan-2-ol can be prepared from hex-1-ene using this method.

a. Measure out 11.0 cm³ of hex-1-ene into a boiling tube in an ice bath.

b. Carefully add 5 cm³ of concentrated phosphoric acid to hex-1-ene.

c. After 5 minutes add 10 cm³ of distilled water to the mixture and transfer the boiling tube contents to a separating funnel.

d. Shake the mixture and allow it to settle.

e. Discard the lower (aqueous) layer.

f. Add a fresh 10 cm³ sample of distilled water and repeat steps d and e.

g. Transfer the remaining liquid to a beaker.

h. Add 2 g of anhydrous magnesium sulfate and allow to stand for 5 minutes.

i. Distill the filtrate and collect the distillate that boils in the range 130–160 °C.

j. It is important to wear eye protection and a lab coat when completing this experiment.

Suggest, with a reason, one other appropriate safety precaution for this experiment.

Give a reason for adding the distilled water in steps c and f.

Give a reason for adding anhydrous magnesium sulfate in step h.

Complete and label the diagram of the apparatus used to filter the mixture under reduced pressure in step i.

Identify the most likely organic impurity, other than hex-1-ene, in the distillate collected in step j.

Suggest one reason why it could be difficult to remove this impurity.

Calculate the mass, in g, of hexan-2-ol formed from 11.0 cm³ of hex-1-ene if the yield is 31.0%.

Give your answer to 1 decimal place.

Density of hex-1-ene = 0.678 g cm⁻³.

This question is about the preparation of hexan-2-ol - AQA - A-Level Chemistry - Question 5 - 2022 - Paper 2