Figure 1 shows some compounds made from a halogenoalkane. Figure 1 Compound J Reaction 1 NaOH(aq) CH3CH2CH2Br Reaction 2 NH2 CH3CH2CH2NH2 Reaction 3 C3H6 1. Draw the displayed formula of compound J. [1 mark] 2. Name the mechanism for Reaction 2 and give an essential condition used to ensure that CH3CH2CH2NH2 is the major product. [2 marks] Name of mechanism Condition 3. Calculate the mass, in grams, of CH3CH2CH2NH2 produced from 25.2 g of CH3CH2CH2Br in Reaction 2 assuming a 75.0% yield. [3 marks] Give your answer to the appropriate number of significant figures. 4. When Reaction 2 is carried out under different conditions, a compound with molecular formula C4H13N is produced. Draw the skeletal formula of the compound. Identify the functional group in the compound including its classification. [2 marks] Skeletal formula Functional group including classification 5. Identify the reagent and conditions used in Reaction 3. [1 mark] 6. Name and outline a mechanism for Reaction 3. [4 marks] Name of mechanism Mechanism

A-Level AQA Chemistry Organic Mechanisms: Figure 1 shows some compounds ma

Figure 1 shows some compounds made from a halogenoalkane - AQA - A-Level Chemistry - Question 1 - 2017 - Paper 2

Question 1

Figure 1 shows some compounds made from a halogenoalkane. Figure 1 Compound J Reaction 1 NaOH(aq) CH3CH2CH2Br Reaction 2 NH2 CH3CH2CH2NH2 Reaction 3 ... show full transcript

Worked Solution & Example Answer:Figure 1 shows some compounds made from a halogenoalkane - AQA - A-Level Chemistry - Question 1 - 2017 - Paper 2

Step 1

Draw the displayed formula of compound J.

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Answer

The displayed formula of compound J is:

    H   H   H
    |   |   |
H - C - C - C - Br
    |   |   |
    H   H   H

Step 2

Name the mechanism for Reaction 2 and give an essential condition used to ensure that CH3CH2CH2NH2 is the major product.

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Answer

The mechanism for Reaction 2 is Nucleophilic substitution. An essential condition to ensure that CH3CH2CH2NH2 is the major product is to use excess ammonia (NH2).

Step 3

Calculate the mass, in grams, of CH3CH2CH2NH2 produced from 25.2 g of CH3CH2CH2Br in Reaction 2 assuming a 75.0% yield.

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Answer

To calculate the mass of CH3CH2CH2NH2 produced:

Calculate the moles of CH3CH2CH2Br:
$ext{Molar mass of CH3CH2CH2Br} = 25.2 ext{ g/mol}$ $ext{Moles} = \frac{25.2 ext{ g}}{123.2 ext{ g/mol}} = 0.204 ext{ mol}$
The reaction gives 1:1 molar ratio, so moles of CH3CH2CH2NH2 produced is also 0.204 mol.
Calculate the mass of CH3CH2CH2NH2:
$ext{Mass} = ext{Moles} \times ext{Molar mass} = 0.204 ext{ mol} \times 73.13 ext{ g/mol} = 14.9 ext{ g}$
Considering the yield:
$ext{Actual mass} = 14.9 ext{ g} \times 0.75 = 11.175 ext{ g}$
Hence, the final answer is 11.2 g (to 3 significant figures).

Step 4

When Reaction 2 is carried out under different conditions, a compound with molecular formula C4H13N is produced. Draw the skeletal formula of the compound. Identify the functional group in the compound including its classification.

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Answer

The skeletal formula of the compound C4H13N is:

     H   H
     |   |
H - C - C - C
     |   |   
     H   N - H 
         |  
         H

The functional group in the compound is an amine, which is classified as a tertiary amine.

Step 5

Identify the reagent and conditions used in Reaction 3.

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Answer

The reagent used in Reaction 3 is NaOH (Sodium Hydroxide), typically in ethanol as the solvent.

Step 6

Name and outline a mechanism for Reaction 3.

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Answer

The mechanism for Reaction 3 is Base Elimination. The steps are:

The lone pair on the hydroxide ion acts as a nucleophile and attacks the beta-hydrogen, forming a double bond.
This results in the elimination of a halide ion, producing an alkene.

Figure 1 shows some compounds made from a halogenoalkane - AQA - A-Level Chemistry - Question 1 - 2017 - Paper 2

Worked Solution & Example Answer:Figure 1 shows some compounds made from a halogenoalkane - AQA - A-Level Chemistry - Question 1 - 2017 - Paper 2

Draw the displayed formula of compound J.

Name the mechanism for Reaction 2 and give an essential condition used to ensure that CH3CH2CH2NH2 is the major product.

Calculate the mass, in grams, of CH3CH2CH2NH2 produced from 25.2 g of CH3CH2CH2Br in Reaction 2 assuming a 75.0% yield.

When Reaction 2 is carried out under different conditions, a compound with molecular formula C4H13N is produced. Draw the skeletal formula of the compound. Identify the functional group in the compound including its classification.

Identify the reagent and conditions used in Reaction 3.

Name and outline a mechanism for Reaction 3.

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