Using Figure 4 and your own knowledge, assess the role of wind in the development of this landscape - AQA - A-Level Geography - Question 2 - 2022 - Paper 1

Wind plays a crucial role in shaping the landscape of the White Desert, particularly in the formation of ventifacts and rock pedestals.

1. Erosion Processes: The intense winds in the desert lead to processes of erosion such as abrasion. Sand and fine particles carried by the wind continuously strike the rock surfaces, wearing them down over time and creating smooth, polished surfaces. This is evident in the ventifacts visible in Figure 4.

2. Deflation: Wind deflation can also contribute to the formation of unique rock formations. As the wind removes loose sediment from around rocks, it exposes and accentuates their shapes. This process results in features that appear as mushroom-shaped formations, where the top remains relatively protected from wind erosion compared to the lower sections.

3. Transportation and Deposition: The wind not only erodes but also transports sediment. During strong winds, the sand is picked up and carried across the landscape before being deposited. This deposition can lead to changes in the topography, creating new formations as the wind shifts and alters the sediment patterns.

4. Interaction with Temperature: In the hot desert environment, the combination of high temperatures and strong winds can exacerbate erosion. The lack of vegetation increases the effectiveness of wind in eroding surfaces, as there are fewer natural barriers to mitigate wind force.

5. Other Contributing Factors: While wind is a primary agent of change, it intersects with other elements such as limited moisture and temperature fluctuations, which can further influence the weathering processes present in the landscape.

In conclusion, wind is a fundamental force in developing the unique features of the White Desert landscape, specifically through erosion, deflation, and sediment transport, contributing significantly to its distinctive ventifacts.