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'Non-communicable diseases are harder to manage than biologically transmitted diseases.' With reference to one or more places you have studied, assess the extent to which you agree with this statement - AQA - A-Level Geography - Question 4 - 2020 - Paper 2
Question 4
'Non-communicable diseases are harder to manage than biologically transmitted diseases.' With reference to one or more places you have studied, assess the extent to... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:'Non-communicable diseases are harder to manage than biologically transmitted diseases.' With reference to one or more places you have studied, assess the extent to which you agree with this statement - AQA - A-Level Geography - Question 4 - 2020 - Paper 2
Step 1
Assess the statement: 'Non-communicable diseases are harder to manage than biologically transmitted diseases.'
Answer
In examining this statement, it is important to consider the definitions of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) and biologically transmitted diseases (such as infectious diseases). NCDs include conditions like cardiovascular diseases, cancer, and diabetes, which are often influenced by lifestyle factors, genetics, and environmental factors. Conversely, biologically transmitted diseases, such as malaria or HIV/AIDS, are spread via pathogens and often have clear transmission vectors.
Managing NCDs can indeed be challenging due to their multifactorial nature, requiring a combination of medical treatment, lifestyle changes, and public health initiatives. For instance, chronic diseases require long-term management strategies and often have complex psychological and social dimensions.
Step 2
Evaluate the management strategies for non-communicable diseases.
Answer
NCDs often require health systems to implement comprehensive management plans that encompass prevention, lifestyle modifications, and healthcare access. For example, in high-income countries, initiatives such as smoking cessation programs and dietary recommendations have been effective in reducing the incidence of diseases like lung cancer and heart disease. Nevertheless, disparities in healthcare access can lead to variations in management effectiveness, particularly in low-income countries (LICs). Treatments for diseases like diabetes necessitate continuous monitoring and medication, which may not always be accessible in LICs.
Step 3
Evaluate the management strategies for biologically transmitted diseases.
Answer
In contrast, the management of biologically transmitted diseases can often involve vaccination, vector control, and prompt diagnosis and treatment. For example, malaria control measures such as insecticide-treated nets and antimalarial medications have proven effective in reducing morbidity and mortality rates in endemic regions. However, challenges remain, particularly with the emergence of drug-resistant strains of malaria. The socio-economic factors and public health infrastructure significantly impact the effectiveness of these interventions.
Step 4
Conclusion on the statement.
Answer
Ultimately, while both types of diseases present significant management challenges, the systems in place to control biologically transmitted diseases can sometimes be more straightforward due to their defined pathways of transmission and established preventive measures. In my assessment, I would argue that managing NCDs can indeed be harder because of their complexity and the socio-economic barriers that limit effective interventions, particularly in LICs. In conclusion, both categories present unique challenges, but NCDs often require more multifaceted approaches to manage effectively.