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How far do you agree that storms and wildfires are increasing in frequency and intensity, presenting an increasing threat to people? [20 marks] - AQA - A-Level Geography - Question 5 - 2020 - Paper 1
Question 5
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How far do you agree that storms and wildfires are increasing in frequency and intensity, presenting an increasing threat to people? [20 marks]
Worked Solution & Example Answer:How far do you agree that storms and wildfires are increasing in frequency and intensity, presenting an increasing threat to people? [20 marks] - AQA - A-Level Geography - Question 5 - 2020 - Paper 1
Step 1
Evaluate the Increasing Frequency and Intensity of Storms
Answer
To assess the agreement regarding the increasing frequency and intensity of storms, we must consider various factors. Research indicates that tropical storms have indeed been increasing in frequency, with data showing a rise in the intensity of these events.
For example, statistical analyses suggest that warmer sea temperatures contribute significantly to the formation of storms, enhancing their strength and the amount of precipitation they bring. This has shown a correlation with climate change, as warmer waters provide more energy for storm development, potentially leading to higher wind speeds and severe rainfall.
Additionally, the frequency of Category 4 and 5 hurricanes is reported to be on the rise, with studies indicating a 90% increase in such hurricanes over recent decades. This not only poses a threat to coastal communities but also indicates a broader trend influenced by climate change.
Step 2
Examine the Increase in Wildfires
Answer
Wildfires have similarly been increasing in frequency and severity. Several factors contribute to this trend, including prolonged periods of drought and human activities that create favorable conditions for fires. For instance, climate change has resulted in hotter summers and less rainfall, which can dry out vegetation and make it more susceptible to ignition.
Research shows that the area burned by wildfires can vary significantly from year to year, with some regions experiencing an increase by as much as 600% in areas affected by fire. These changes can often be linked to longer fire seasons, attributed to a combination of climatic conditions and land management practices.
Moreover, the impact of wildfires transcends mere numbers; they result in significant health hazards due to smoke inhalation and pose substantial economic costs for firefighting efforts and recovery.
Step 3
Consider Human Responses and Preparedness
Answer
Human responses to both storms and wildfires play a crucial role in mitigating their effects. Strategies like improved forecasting, better community planning, and effective emergency management can help lessen the overall impact on people. Nonetheless, communities still struggle with the rapid increases in intensity and frequency, illustrating a growing gap between risk and preparedness.
Preparedness measures are vital for reducing vulnerability, especially in areas prone to extreme weather events. However, as evidence suggests, regions adopt varying levels of preparedness, and where these measures are insufficient, the threat to the population continues to escalate.