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Assess the relative importance of NGOs and international government organisations in enhancing protection of Antarctica. - AQA - A-Level Geography - Question 1 - 2019 - Paper 2
Question 1
Assess the relative importance of NGOs and international government organisations in enhancing protection of Antarctica.
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Assess the relative importance of NGOs and international government organisations in enhancing protection of Antarctica. - AQA - A-Level Geography - Question 1 - 2019 - Paper 2
Step 1
The Role of NGOs in Enhancing Protection
Answer
Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) like Greenpeace play a crucial role in protecting Antarctica. They raise awareness about environmental issues, lobby for stricter regulations, and engage in direct action to prevent harmful activities such as mineral exploration and whaling. For instance, NGOs have successfully advocated for the establishment of marine protected areas. Their efforts have led to significant international dialogue and cooperation among nations regarding Antarctic conservation.
Step 2
The Role of International Government Organisations
Answer
International government organizations, such as the Antarctic Treaty System (ATS) and the International Whaling Commission (IWC), are instrumental in governing activities in Antarctica. The ATS has established legal frameworks that govern conservation efforts and scientific research. Additionally, initiatives like the Commission for the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources (CCAMLR) help to manage fishing and protect ecosystems. These organizations ensure that various nations collaborate on mutual goals, enabling a structured approach to conservation.
Step 3
Comparative Analysis of NGOs and International Organizations
Answer
While NGOs raise awareness and push for changes at grassroots levels, international government organizations have the authority to create binding agreements and policies. The effectiveness of NGOs is often contingent on their ability to influence or pressure governments and international bodies. However, international organizations have the resources and political clout to enact and enforce regulations. Thus, both play complementary roles, but the impact of international bodies can often be more direct due to their authoritative nature.
Step 4
Conclusion on their Relative Importance
Answer
In conclusion, both NGOs and international government organizations are vital for enhancing the protection of Antarctica. NGOs can mobilize public opinion and advocate for change, while international organizations create and enforce the legal frameworks necessary for long-term protection. Together, they form a comprehensive strategy to safeguard the region's unique environment and biodiversity. Their collaborative efforts are essential in addressing the various threats posed to Antarctica, ensuring its preservation for future generations.