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Assess the relative usefulness of the Park Model and the Hazard Management Cycle in understanding the impact of seismic events. - AQA - A-Level Geography - Question 5 - 2019 - Paper 1
Question 5
Assess the relative usefulness of the Park Model and the Hazard Management Cycle in understanding the impact of seismic events.
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Assess the relative usefulness of the Park Model and the Hazard Management Cycle in understanding the impact of seismic events. - AQA - A-Level Geography - Question 5 - 2019 - Paper 1
Step 1
Assess the relative usefulness of the Park Model
Answer
The Park Model (or Park's Disaster Response Curve) provides a framework for understanding how communities recover from seismic events over time. It illustrates the relationship between time and quality of life following a disaster. Key stages include:
- Pre-disaster Phase: Represents baseline quality of life before a seismic event.
- Impact Phase: Shows the initial drop in quality of life immediately after the event, indicating urgent needs for help and resources.
- Recovery Phase: Demonstrates gradual recovery, where quality of life improves as aid is provided.
- Reconstruction: Shows the potential for quality of life to exceed pre-disaster levels if effective measures are implemented.
By analyzing these stages, the model allows for the assessment of community resilience and effectiveness of response measures.
Step 2
Assess the relative usefulness of the Hazard Management Cycle
Answer
The Hazard Management Cycle outlines the stages of managing a disaster: prevention, preparedness, response, and recovery. It emphasizes proactive measures and planning before an event occurs. Key components include:
- Mitigation: Efforts taken to reduce the severity of a disaster.
- Preparedness: Planning and systems in place to respond effectively when a disaster strikes.
- Response: Immediate actions taken post-event to address needs and restore order.
- Recovery: Long-term processes to return to normalcy and improve community resilience.
This cycle highlights the importance of ongoing planning and response efforts, thereby enriching the response to seismic events.
Step 3
Compare the usefulness of both models in understanding seismic impacts
Answer
Both the Park Model and the Hazard Management Cycle are valuable tools for understanding seismic impacts, yet they serve different purposes.
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The Park Model focuses on community recovery over time, making it ideal for evaluating the immediate impact and long-term resilience after a disaster. It visually illustrates the recovery process which helps in evaluating response effectiveness.
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The Hazard Management Cycle, however, emphasizes pre-disaster planning and response. It provides a more systemic approach to disaster management, ensuring communities are better prepared before a seismic event occurs.
In conclusion, while the Park Model excels in post-disaster analysis, the Hazard Management Cycle enhances overall disaster preparedness and long-term risk management.