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Using Figure 2a, Figure 2b and your own knowledge, to what extent do you agree that tourism is a threat to Antarctica? Figure 2a shows percentage breakdown of main tourist activities for visitors to Antarctica in 2016–17 - AQA - A-Level Geography - Question 1 - 2020 - Paper 2
Question 1
Using Figure 2a, Figure 2b and your own knowledge, to what extent do you agree that tourism is a threat to Antarctica? Figure 2a shows percentage breakdown of main ... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Using Figure 2a, Figure 2b and your own knowledge, to what extent do you agree that tourism is a threat to Antarctica? Figure 2a shows percentage breakdown of main tourist activities for visitors to Antarctica in 2016–17 - AQA - A-Level Geography - Question 1 - 2020 - Paper 2
Step 1
AO1 - Knowledge and understanding of the threats to Antarctica from tourism
Answer
Tourism numbers in Antarctica have more than doubled in the past 20 years, putting increased pressure on its fragile nature. One significant threat arises from large cruise ships, which can lead to oil spills and introduce invasive species like Mediterranean mussels. The Antarctic Treaty System and IAATO attempt to mitigate these risks by regulating large cruise ship numbers, limiting them to a fraction of Antarctica.
Step 2
AO2 - Apply knowledge and understanding to evaluate the extent to which tourism is a threat to Antarctica.
Answer
Analysis of Figure 2a indicates that while only 1% engage in activities associated with large cruise ships, these ships can cause substantial disturbances. Figure 2b highlights small-boat landings, which, although less impactful in numbers, suggest that visitors landing on wildlife sites can still harm delicate ecosystems. Therefore, while the imposed regulations aim to limit risks, the potential for harm to natural habitats remains a valid concern.