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Using Figure 2a, Figure 2b and your own knowledge, assess the potential impact of changing vegetation cover upon the runoff in this area - AQA - A-Level Geography - Question 1 - 2019 - Paper 1
Question 1
Using Figure 2a, Figure 2b and your own knowledge, assess the potential impact of changing vegetation cover upon the runoff in this area. Figures 2a and 2b are in t... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Using Figure 2a, Figure 2b and your own knowledge, assess the potential impact of changing vegetation cover upon the runoff in this area - AQA - A-Level Geography - Question 1 - 2019 - Paper 1
Step 1
Assess the impact of changing vegetation cover on the water cycle
Answer
Changing vegetation cover affects the water cycle significantly. In the context of Figure 2a, the transition from forested areas to bare soil and grassland can lead to increased runoff due to reduced interception and water absorption. The lush vegetation in 1976 played a vital role in maintaining moisture levels and regulating runoff. The increase in built-up areas further exacerbates runoff problems, as impervious surfaces prevent water from infiltrating the ground.
Step 2
Analyze the runoff volume data from Figure 2b
Answer
Figure 2b indicates that during heavy rainfall events, the areas with less vegetation, such as those shown in 2001, produced a significantly higher runoff volume. This highlights the direct correlation between vegetation cover and runoff potential. The data demonstrates that landscapes with denser forest cover have much lower runoff volumes compared to those with mixed vegetation or bare soil.
Step 3
Evaluate potential rehabilitation strategies
Answer
Rehabilitating the area with native vegetation, as shown in Figure 2a, can restore ecological balance and reduce runoff. An increase in forest cover would improve soil structure, enhance moisture retention, and allow for better absorption during rainfall events. Comparing the figures suggests that areas undergoing rehabilitation show a potential for lower runoff volumes, visibly improving the watershed's capacity to handle storm events, thereby lessening flood risks.