Figure 1 shows a sealed radioactive source used in schools and colleges - AQA - A-Level Physics - Question 1 - 2019 - Paper 3
Question 1
Figure 1 shows a sealed radioactive source used in schools and colleges.
1.1 State two safety procedures to reduce risk when using this type of source.
1.2 A seale... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Figure 1 shows a sealed radioactive source used in schools and colleges - AQA - A-Level Physics - Question 1 - 2019 - Paper 3
Step 1
State two safety procedures to reduce risk when using this type of source.
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Answer
Maintain distance from the radioactive source by using tools or holding it as far away as practical.
Limit exposure time during experiments by planning and practicing efficient procedures.
Step 2
Determine the number of routes by which B can change into K.
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Answer
By examining Figure 2, the number of direct paths from B to K is eight as shown with lines connecting these points.
Step 3
Identify which of the nuclei A to M are common to all the possible ways that $^{226}Ra$ decays into $^{206}Pb$.
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Answer
The nuclei common to all decay routes include D, E, and F, as they consistently appear in each path on Figure 2.
Step 4
State and explain procedures to eliminate systematic error in the measurements used to find $A_b$ to reduce the percentage uncertainty in $A_b$.
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Answer
To reduce systematic error, ensure the radiation detector is positioned at the same distance from the source each time and is calibrated correctly before measurement. Measuring Ab multiple times and averaging the results can also help to minimize errors and increase reliability.
Step 5
Deduce the minimum thickness of the aluminium absorber that should be used in the experiment.
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Answer
Based on Figure 4, for eta particles with an energy of about 7.5 MeV, the minimum thickness of aluminium needed is approximately 13 mm, as inferred from the range data displayed.
