Understanding Addiction through Learning Theories

Pat’s addiction to alcohol can be well explained through Social Learning Theory. This theory highlights that behavior is learned through observation and imitation of role models. In Pat's case, he observed his father drinking alcohol frequently, which likely influenced his own drinking behavior.

Observational Learning

Pat saw his father drinking, often in a bad mood before his first drink, which may have established a link in Pat's mind associating drinking with mood improvement. If Pat considers his father a relevant role model, he is likely to pay attention to this behavior and imitate it.

Vicarious Reinforcement

Moreover, when Pat drinks alcohol and receives positive reinforcement (such as feeling relaxed), this behavior is more likely to be repeated. His friends also praise those who drink the most, further reinforcing his drinking behavior based on social cues. This can lead to habitual drinking, as he receives social rewards for drinking beyond just personal enjoyment.

Contextual Influence

When Pat drinks after his meals, he creates a routine that strengthens this habit. Being unable to drink during the day leaves him feeling ill, which shows how withdrawal plays a role in his dependency. The need to avoid unpleasant withdrawal symptoms serves as a strong motivator to continue drinking.

In conclusion, Social Learning Theory effectively accounts for Pat's addiction to alcohol by illustrating how he learned behavior from his observations of his father and peers, combined with the reinforcement of feeling good when drinking.