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Evaluate issues of social control from social and biological psychology. - AQA - A-Level Psychology - Question 16 - 2020 - Paper 1
Question 16
Evaluate issues of social control from social and biological psychology.
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Evaluate issues of social control from social and biological psychology. - AQA - A-Level Psychology - Question 16 - 2020 - Paper 1
Step 1
Social Control in Psychology
Answer
Social control refers to the ways in which individuals or group behavior is regulated to comply with social norms and structures. It can manifest both as a conscious decision by individuals to align their behavior with societal expectations and as an involuntary consequence of social influences. Understanding the mechanisms behind social control can reveal how behavioral norms are maintained in society.
Step 2
Understanding Obedience
Answer
Examining factors that influence obedience is crucial for understanding social control. Research, such as that conducted by Milgram in 1963, illustrates how authority figures can influence individuals to follow orders, even to the extent of harming others. This insight helps in understanding how societal structures can perpetuate control over individuals.
Step 3
Biological Perspectives
Answer
From a biological psychology perspective, social control can be linked to genetic predispositions and neurological factors. For instance, certain biological theories suggest that brain structures may predispose individuals to respond differently to social influences, thereby affecting their susceptibility to control.
Step 4
Social Structures and Order
Answer
Social structures that promote harmony and organization are essential for maintaining order in society. Theories imply that our evolutionary background has equipped us with inherent frameworks for controlling behavior, which are critical for cooperative living. Such structures help mitigate conflicts and enhance communal functionality.
Step 5
Group Dynamics and Goals
Answer
Sherif's studies (1954/1961) revealed that superordinate goals can facilitate teamwork among groups, promoting social reinforcement. This finding supports the idea that addressing group objectives can diminish out-group hostility and enhance cooperation, which is a form of social control.
Step 6
Implications for Treatment
Answer
Biological psychology also contributes to treatment approaches for issues such as substance misuse. Treatments based on biological factors may help individuals by focusing on neurological dependencies rather than just behavioral aspects, offering a holistic approach to addiction recovery.