Read Item A below and answer the question that follows: Item A The different agencies of the criminal justice system, such as the police and the courts, are responsible for processing individuals who are suspected of committing crimes - AQA - A-Level Sociology - Question 3 - 2017 - Paper 3

Underachievement in Education: Many individuals from lower social classes often face educational challenges which can hinder their ability to achieve mainstream societal goals. For example, when students experience underachievement at school, it may generate feelings of frustration and alienation. This feeling of disconnection can lead individuals to engage in criminal activities as an alternative means of achieving success or status. The result is a higher representation of lower-class individuals within official crime statistics, as their frustrations with legitimate pathways to success may drive them toward deviant behaviors.

Limited Access to Opportunities: Individuals residing in deprived or unstable neighborhoods frequently encounter limited access to legitimate opportunities. These areas often lack the resources and support systems necessary for individuals to pursue education or stable employment. As a result, people in these contexts might turn to crime as a viable alternative to achieve their goals. The systemic barriers they face contribute to social class differences in crime statistics, as higher levels of crime are reported in these neighborhoods, thus skewing the official data.