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Outline and explain two factors which may lead to some members of the working class achieving upward social mobility. - AQA - A-Level Sociology - Question 22 - 2020 - Paper 2
Question 22
Outline and explain two factors which may lead to some members of the working class achieving upward social mobility.
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Outline and explain two factors which may lead to some members of the working class achieving upward social mobility. - AQA - A-Level Sociology - Question 22 - 2020 - Paper 2
Step 1
Factor 1: Meritocratic Education
Answer
One of the key factors leading to upward social mobility among working-class individuals is access to meritocratic education. In a meritocratic system, educational attainment plays a crucial role in determining future career prospects and social status. For instance, working-class students who excel in school and gain qualifications have the opportunity to apply to universities or vocational training programs. This education equips them with the necessary skills and knowledge sought after in higher-paying job markets, thereby allowing them to move up the social ladder. Furthermore, society’s increasing focus on educational credentials means that individuals from traditionally lower socio-economic backgrounds can improve their status based on academic performance, rather than their family background.
Step 2
Factor 2: Changing Occupations
Answer
Another significant factor that can facilitate upward social mobility for working-class individuals is the shift in occupational structures within the economy. As economies evolve, there are often emerging industries and job sectors that require specialized skills which may not necessarily align with traditional working-class roles. For example, the rise of technology and service-based industries offers new opportunities that can be pursued through training or apprenticeships. Individuals willing to adapt to these changes, by either acquiring new skills through continuing education or by shifting to newer job markets, can dramatically improve their economic standing. These changes in the job market enable working-class individuals to take advantage of new roles that provide better wages and working conditions.