Read Item I below and answer the question that follows - AQA - A-Level Sociology - Question 14 - 2019 - Paper 2

Way 1: Rejection of Rationality in Favor of Religious Traditions

Globalisation often introduces a worldview rooted in science and rationality, which can lead to the questioning of traditional beliefs. However, in many contexts, there has been a counter-reaction where communities reject this rationalistic approach in favor of revitalised religious traditions. For example, as globalisation brings in diverse belief systems and perspectives, some individuals may turn to fundamentalist movements as a way to reinforce their religious identities and resist the perceived encroaching influence of secular rationalism. This resurgence can manifest itself in the form of religious extremism or a push for more traditional religious observance, thereby counteracting secularisation and reinforcing religious authority in public and private life.

Way 2: Globalisation and Increased Religious Diversity

Another way globalisation can affect the extent of secularisation is through the introduction of multiple belief systems into a society. As people migrate or learn about other cultures, they may adopt new religious beliefs or practices, thus enriching the religious landscape. This may lead to a pluralistic environment where various faiths coexist, sometimes revitalising older traditions. As different religions interact, individuals may find heightened importance in their religious commitments as a response to diverse influences, which can hinder the secularisation process. The presence of a vibrant religious community can challenge secular norms, creating spaces where religious practices and beliefs flourish alongside or even against a predominately secular framework.