Read Item F below and answer the question that follows - AQA - A-Level Sociology - Question 9 - 2017 - Paper 2

To evaluate the view that social class differences in health chances are primarily the result of cultural factors, we need to consider both cultural and material influences.

Cultural Factors

Cultural factors encompass a range of beliefs, values, and practices that differ across social classes. For instance:

• Attitudes Towards Health: Individuals from higher social classes may prioritize health and engage in preventive behaviors, while those from lower classes might have different health-related priorities.
• Diet and Exercise: Access to healthy food options and leisure activities often varies by social class. This results in differences in lifestyle choices that directly impact health.

Consequently, cultural influences shape how different classes approach health, often influencing their overall well-being.

Material Factors

Contrasting with cultural explanations, material factors highlight the importance of tangible resources such as income, education, and access to healthcare. Key points include:

• Access to Healthcare: Lower social classes may experience barriers to accessing quality healthcare, leading to poorer health outcomes.
• Economic Stability: Individuals in lower social classes often face financial insecurity, which can limit their ability to afford nutritious food, exercise facilities, and regular medical check-ups.

Conclusion

In conclusion, while cultural factors play a significant role in influencing health behaviors and perceptions, ignoring material factors such as socioeconomic status is problematic. The interdependence of these factors illustrates that health chances cannot be solely attributed to cultural aspects. Evaluating health differences necessitates a comprehensive understanding that incorporates both cultural attitudes and material conditions.