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At time $t = 0$, a particle is projected vertically upwards with speed $u$ from a point $A$ - Edexcel - A-Level Maths Mechanics - Question 4 - 2014 - Paper 2

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At time $t = 0$, a particle is projected vertically upwards with speed $u$ from a point $A$. The particle moves freely under gravity. At time $T$ the particle is at ... show full transcript

Worked Solution & Example Answer:At time $t = 0$, a particle is projected vertically upwards with speed $u$ from a point $A$ - Edexcel - A-Level Maths Mechanics - Question 4 - 2014 - Paper 2

Step 1

Find $T$ in terms of $u$ and $g$

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Answer

Using the equation of motion for a particle under constant acceleration due to gravity, we have:

  • Initial velocity, v0=uv_0 = u (upward)
  • Final velocity at maximum height, v=0v = 0
  • Acceleration due to gravity, gg (downward)

The equation is given by:

v=v0gtv = v_0 - gt

Setting v=0v = 0, we get: 0=ugT0 = u - gT

Rearranging gives: T=ugT = \frac{u}{g}

Step 2

Show that $H = \frac{u^2}{2g}$

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Answer

At the maximum height HH, we can use the equation:

H=v0T12gT2H = v_0 T - \frac{1}{2} g T^2

Substituting v0=uv_0 = u and T=ugT = \frac{u}{g}:

H=u(ug)12g(ug)2H = u \left(\frac{u}{g}\right) - \frac{1}{2} g \left(\frac{u}{g}\right)^2

This simplifies to:

H=u2g12u2g=u22gH = \frac{u^2}{g} - \frac{1}{2} \frac{u^2}{g} = \frac{u^2}{2g}

Step 3

Find, in terms of $T$, the total time from the instant of projection to the instant when the particle hits the ground

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Answer

Let the total time to hit the ground be TexttotalT_{ ext{total}}. The height of point AA relative to the ground is 3H3H.

The distance fallen is: AH=3HAH = 3H

Using the equation of motion s=ut+12at2s = ut + \frac{1}{2} a t^2 with initial velocity uu and acceleration g-g, we set up the equation:

3H=uTexttotal12gTexttotal2-3H = uT_{ ext{total}} - \frac{1}{2} g T_{ ext{total}}^2

Substituting H=u22gH = \frac{u^2}{2g} gives:

3(u22g)=uTexttotal12gTexttotal2-3\left(\frac{u^2}{2g}\right) = uT_{ ext{total}} - \frac{1}{2} g T_{ ext{total}}^2

Solving this leads to: Texttotal=T+2TT_{ ext{total}} = T + 2T

Thus, Texttotal=3TT_{ ext{total}} = 3T

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