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The curve C has equation $y = kx^3 - x^2 + x - 5$, where $k$ is a constant - Edexcel - A-Level Maths Pure - Question 11 - 2008 - Paper 1

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The-curve-C-has-equation-$y-=-kx^3---x^2-+-x---5$,-where-$k$-is-a-constant-Edexcel-A-Level Maths Pure-Question 11-2008-Paper 1.png

The curve C has equation $y = kx^3 - x^2 + x - 5$, where $k$ is a constant. (a) Find $\frac{dy}{dx}$. The point A with x-coordinate $-\frac{1}{2}$ lies on C. The... show full transcript

Worked Solution & Example Answer:The curve C has equation $y = kx^3 - x^2 + x - 5$, where $k$ is a constant - Edexcel - A-Level Maths Pure - Question 11 - 2008 - Paper 1

Step 1

Find $\frac{dy}{dx}$

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Answer

To find the derivative of the function, we will differentiate the equation of the curve. The curve is given by:

y=kx3x2+x5y = kx^3 - x^2 + x - 5

Differentiating with respect to xx, we get:

dydx=3kx22x+1\frac{dy}{dx} = 3kx^2 - 2x + 1

Step 2

the value of $k$

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Answer

Given that the tangent at point A is parallel to the line 2y7x+1=02y - 7x + 1 = 0, we first rewrite the line in slope-intercept form:

y=72x12y = \frac{7}{2}x - \frac{1}{2}

Thus, the slope (gradient) of the line is 72\frac{7}{2}. Since the tangent line is parallel, we set:

3k(12)22(12)+1=723k\left(-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2 - 2\left(-\frac{1}{2}\right) + 1 = \frac{7}{2}

Calculating step-by-step:

  1. Substitute x=12x = -\frac{1}{2} into dydx\frac{dy}{dx}: 3k14+1+1=723k \cdot \frac{1}{4} + 1 + 1 = \frac{7}{2}
  2. This simplifies to: 3k4+2=72\frac{3k}{4} + 2 = \frac{7}{2}
  3. Solving for kk: 3k4=722\frac{3k}{4} = \frac{7}{2} - 2 3k4=32\frac{3k}{4} = \frac{3}{2} 3k=63k = 6 k=2k = 2

Step 3

the value of the y-coordinate of A

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Answer

To find the y-coordinate of point A, we substitute x=12x = -\frac{1}{2} and k=2k = 2 back into the original equation:

y=2(12)3(12)2+(12)5y = 2\left(-\frac{1}{2}\right)^3 - \left(-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2 + \left(-\frac{1}{2}\right) - 5

Calculating:

  1. First term: 2(12)3=218=142\left(-\frac{1}{2}\right)^3 = 2 \cdot -\frac{1}{8} = -\frac{1}{4}
  2. Second term: (12)2=14-\left(-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2 = -\frac{1}{4}
  3. Third term: 12-\frac{1}{2}
  4. Fourth term: 5-5

Summing these gives: y=1414125y = -\frac{1}{4} - \frac{1}{4} - \frac{1}{2} - 5 Convert to a common denominator (4):

y=141424204=244=6y = -\frac{1}{4} - \frac{1}{4} - \frac{2}{4} - \frac{20}{4} = -\frac{24}{4} = -6

Therefore, the y-coordinate of A is 6-6.

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