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A geometric series is a + ar + ar² + .. - Edexcel - A-Level Maths Pure - Question 1 - 2012 - Paper 3

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A geometric series is a + ar + ar² + ... (a) Prove that the sum of the first n terms of this series is given by $$S_n = \frac{a(1 - r^n)}{1 - r}$$ The third and f... show full transcript

Worked Solution & Example Answer:A geometric series is a + ar + ar² + .. - Edexcel - A-Level Maths Pure - Question 1 - 2012 - Paper 3

Step 1

Prove that the sum of the first n terms of this series is given by

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Answer

To derive the formula for the sum of the first n terms of a geometric series, we start with the definition of the series:

Sn=a+ar+ar2+...+arn1S_n = a + ar + ar^2 + ... + ar^{n-1}

Multiplying both sides by (1 - r), we get:

(1r)Sn=a(1rn)(1 - r)S_n = a(1 - r^n)

Simplifying, we find:

Sn=a(1rn)1rS_n = \frac{a(1 - r^n)}{1 - r}

This shows that the formula has been proved.

Step 2

the common ratio

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Answer

Let the common ratio be denoted as r. We know that:

r=T5T3=1.9445.4r = \frac{T_5}{T_3} = \frac{1.944}{5.4}

Calculating this gives:

r=1.9445.40.36(or0.6)r = \frac{1.944}{5.4} \approx 0.36 \, (or \, 0.6)

Step 3

the first term

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Answer

Using the third term:

T3=ar2=5.4T_3 = ar^2 = 5.4

Substituting the value of r:

a(0.6)2=5.4a(0.6)^2 = 5.4

This simplifies to:

a0.36=5.4a \cdot 0.36 = 5.4

Thus we find:

a=5.40.36=15a = \frac{5.4}{0.36} = 15

Step 4

the sum to infinity

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Answer

The sum to infinity for a geometric series is given by:

S=a1rS_{\infty} = \frac{a}{1 - r}

Substituting the known values:

S=1510.6=150.4=37.5S_{\infty} = \frac{15}{1 - 0.6} = \frac{15}{0.4} = 37.5

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