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The curve C has equation $y = \frac{1}{3}x^3 - 4x^2 + 8x + 3$ - Edexcel - A-Level Maths Pure - Question 1 - 2005 - Paper 1

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The curve C has equation $y = \frac{1}{3}x^3 - 4x^2 + 8x + 3$. The point P has coordinates (3, 0). (a) Show that P lies on C. (b) Find the equation of the tangent... show full transcript

Worked Solution & Example Answer:The curve C has equation $y = \frac{1}{3}x^3 - 4x^2 + 8x + 3$ - Edexcel - A-Level Maths Pure - Question 1 - 2005 - Paper 1

Step 1

Show that P lies on C.

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Answer

To verify that point P (3, 0) lies on the curve C, we will substitute x=3x = 3 into the equation of the curve:

egin{align*} y & = \frac{1}{3}(3)^3 - 4(3)^2 + 8(3) + 3 \\ & = \frac{1}{3}(27) - 4(9) + 24 + 3 \\ & = 9 - 36 + 24 + 3 \\ & = 0. \end{align*}

Thus, since y=0y = 0, we have shown that P lies on C.

Step 2

Find the equation of the tangent to C at P.

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Answer

First, we need to find the derivative of the curve to obtain the slope of the tangent:

dydx=13(3x2)8x+8=x28x+8.\frac{dy}{dx} = \frac{1}{3}(3x^2) - 8x + 8 = x^2 - 8x + 8.

Now, we calculate the slope at x=3x = 3:

dydxx=3=(3)28(3)+8=924+8=7.\frac{dy}{dx} \bigg|_{x=3} = (3)^2 - 8(3) + 8 = 9 - 24 + 8 = -7.

The slope m=7m = -7.

Using the point-slope form of the equation of a line, yy1=m(xx1)y - y_1 = m(x - x_1), with the point (3, 0):

y0=7(x3)y - 0 = -7(x - 3)

Thus the equation of the tangent line is:

y=7x+21.y = -7x + 21.

Step 3

Find the coordinates of Q.

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Answer

To find the coordinates of point Q where the tangent is parallel to the tangent at P, we require the slope to be equal to -7.

We set our earlier derivative equal to -7:

x28x+8=7x^2 - 8x + 8 = -7

This simplifies to:

x28x+15=0.x^2 - 8x + 15 = 0.

Now we can factor this quadratic:

(x3)(x5)=0(x - 3)(x - 5) = 0

Thus, x=3x = 3 or x=5x = 5. Since we are looking for another point Q, we choose x=5x = 5.

Now we substitute x=5x = 5 back into the original curve equation to find yy:

y=13(5)34(5)2+8(5)+3y = \frac{1}{3}(5)^3 - 4(5)^2 + 8(5) + 3

Calculating this gives:

y=13(125)100+40+3=1253100+40+3.y = \frac{1}{3}(125) - 100 + 40 + 3 = \frac{125}{3} - 100 + 40 + 3.

Converting -100 to common denominator:

y=12533003+1203+93=125300+120+93=463.y = \frac{125}{3} - \frac{300}{3} + \frac{120}{3} + \frac{9}{3} = \frac{125 - 300 + 120 + 9}{3} = \frac{-46}{3}.

Therefore, the coordinates of point Q are Q(5,463)Q(5, \frac{-46}{3}).

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