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A curve C has equation y = e^{2x} an x, \, x ≠ (2n + 1) \frac{\pi}{2} - Edexcel - A-Level Maths Pure - Question 3 - 2008 - Paper 6

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A curve C has equation y = e^{2x} an x, \, x ≠ (2n + 1) \frac{\pi}{2}. (a) Show that the turning points on C occur where tan x = -1. (b) Find an equation of the ... show full transcript

Worked Solution & Example Answer:A curve C has equation y = e^{2x} an x, \, x ≠ (2n + 1) \frac{\pi}{2} - Edexcel - A-Level Maths Pure - Question 3 - 2008 - Paper 6

Step 1

Show that the turning points on C occur where tan x = -1.

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Answer

To find the turning points of the curve, we first need to compute the derivative of the function. We have:

dydx=e2xtanx+e2xsec2x.\frac{dy}{dx} = e^{2x} \tan x + e^{2x} \sec^2 x.

Setting the derivative to zero gives:

e2xtanx+e2xsec2x=0.e^{2x} \tan x + e^{2x} \sec^2 x = 0.

We can factor out e2xe^{2x} (which is never zero) to get:

tanx+sec2x=0.\tan x + \sec^2 x = 0.

Recall that sec2x=1+tan2x\sec^2 x = 1 + \tan^2 x. Substituting this in, we obtain:

tanx+1+tan2x=0.\tan x + 1 + \tan^2 x = 0.

Rearranging gives:

tan2x+tanx+1=0.\tan^2 x + \tan x + 1 = 0.

To determine the values for which this equation holds, we can complete the square or use the quadratic formula. However, for the turning point, we need:

tanx+1=0\tan x + 1 = 0

leading to:

tanx=1.\tan x = -1.

Thus, turning points occur where tanx=1\tan x = -1.

Step 2

Find an equation of the tangent to C at the point where x = 0.

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Answer

To find the equation of the tangent line at x=0x = 0, we first need to find the value of yy at this point:

y(0)=e0tan(0)=0.y(0) = e^{0} \tan(0) = 0.

Now, we compute the derivative at this point:

dydxx=0=e0tan(0)+e0sec2(0)=0+1=1.\frac{dy}{dx}\Bigg|_{x=0} = e^{0} \tan(0) + e^{0} \sec^2(0) = 0 + 1 = 1.

The slope of the tangent line at x=0x = 0 is therefore 11.

Using the point-slope form of a line, where the point is (0,0)(0, 0) and the slope is 11, the equation of the tangent can be expressed as:

y0=1(x0)y - 0 = 1(x - 0)

which simplifies to:

y=x.y = x.

Thus, the equation of the tangent to C at the point where x=0x = 0 is:

$$y = x.$

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