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The curve C has equation $y = \frac{3}{x}$ and the line l has equation $y = 2x + 5$ - Edexcel - A-Level Maths Pure - Question 8 - 2008 - Paper 1

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The curve C has equation $y = \frac{3}{x}$ and the line l has equation $y = 2x + 5$. (a) On the axes below, sketch the graphs of C and l, indicating clearly the coo... show full transcript

Worked Solution & Example Answer:The curve C has equation $y = \frac{3}{x}$ and the line l has equation $y = 2x + 5$ - Edexcel - A-Level Maths Pure - Question 8 - 2008 - Paper 1

Step 1

Part (a): Sketch the graphs of C and l

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Answer

To sketch the graphs:

  1. Curve C: The equation of the curve is given by:

    y=3xy = \frac{3}{x}

    • The curve has two branches in quadrants I and III since it is hyperbolic.
    • The x-intercept occurs when y=0y = 0, which is not possible for this equation (as asymptotic).
    • The y-intercept occurs when x=1x = 1, thus we plot the point (1,3)\left(1, 3\right).
  2. Line l: The equation of the line is:

    y=2x+5y = 2x + 5

    • The x-intercept can be found by setting y=0y = 0:

      2x+5=0    x=522x + 5 = 0 \implies x = -\frac{5}{2}

    • The y-intercept occurs when x=0x = 0, giving y=5y = 5. Thus, the point (0,5)(0, 5) is also plotted.

  3. Sketch: Using these intercepts and the shape described, we can sketch the graph of both functions on the axes provided.

Step 2

Part (b): Find the coordinates of the points of intersection of C and l

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Answer

To find the points of intersection:

  1. Set the equations equal:

    3x=2x+5\frac{3}{x} = 2x + 5

    Multiply both sides by xx (noting x0x \neq 0):

    3=2x2+5x3 = 2x^2 + 5x

    Rearranging gives:

    2x2+5x3=02x^2 + 5x - 3 = 0

  2. Use the quadratic formula:

    x=b±b24ac2a,x = \frac{-b \pm \sqrt{b^2 - 4ac}}{2a}, with a=2,b=5,c=3a = 2, b = 5, c = -3:

    x=5±524×2×(3)2×2=5±25+244=5±494=5±74x = \frac{-5 \pm \sqrt{5^2 - 4 \times 2 \times (-3)}}{2 \times 2} = \frac{-5 \pm \sqrt{25 + 24}}{4} = \frac{-5 \pm \sqrt{49}}{4} = \frac{-5 \pm 7}{4}

    Thus, we have two solutions:

    • x=24=12x = \frac{2}{4} = \frac{1}{2}
    • x=124=3x = \frac{-12}{4} = -3
  3. Finding y-values:

    For x=12x = \frac{1}{2}:

    y=2(12)+5=1+5=6y = 2\left(\frac{1}{2}\right) + 5 = 1 + 5 = 6

    For x=3x = -3:

    y=2(3)+5=6+5=1y = 2(-3) + 5 = -6 + 5 = -1

So the points of intersection are:

  • (12,6)(\frac{1}{2}, 6)
  • (3,1)(-3, -1)

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