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The curve C has equation $y = \frac{3}{x}$ and the line l has equation $y = 2x + 5$ - Edexcel - A-Level Maths Pure - Question 6 - 2008 - Paper 1

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The curve C has equation $y = \frac{3}{x}$ and the line l has equation $y = 2x + 5$. (a) On the axes below, sketch the graphs of C and l, indicating clearly the coo... show full transcript

Worked Solution & Example Answer:The curve C has equation $y = \frac{3}{x}$ and the line l has equation $y = 2x + 5$ - Edexcel - A-Level Maths Pure - Question 6 - 2008 - Paper 1

Step 1

a) On the axes below, sketch the graphs of C and l, indicating clearly the coordinates of any intersections with the axes.

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Answer

To sketch the graphs of the equations:

  1. Graph of Curve C:

    • The equation y=3xy = \frac{3}{x} has two branches: one in the first quadrant and the other in the third quadrant. As xx approaches 0 from the positive side, yy approaches infinity, and as xx approaches 0 from the negative side, yy approaches negative infinity.
    • The curve approaches the axes but never touches them.
    • Intersection with the axes: It passes through (3,1)(3, 1) and (3,1)(-3, -1).
  2. Graph of Line l:

    • The line y=2x+5y = 2x + 5 has a y-intercept at (0,5)(0, 5). When y=0y = 0, setting 2x+5=02x + 5 = 0 gives x=52x = -\frac{5}{2}.
    • Plotting these points, the line will cut through the positive y-axis and extend downwards through the negative x-axis.
  3. Sketching the Graphs:

    • Ensure that you plot the curve and line accurately on the graph with the correct shapes and intersections labeled.

Step 2

b) Find the coordinates of the points of intersection of C and l.

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Answer

To find the points of intersection of the two graphs, set the equations equal to each other:

  1. Set Equations Equal:
    3x=2x+5\frac{3}{x} = 2x + 5

    Multiplying through by xx (assuming x0x \neq 0) gives:

    3=2x2+5x3 = 2x^2 + 5x

    Rearranging this results in:

    2x2+5x3=02x^2 + 5x - 3 = 0

  2. Solve the Quadratic Equation:
    Using the quadratic formula where a=2a = 2, b=5b = 5, and c=3c = -3:

    x=b±b24ac2ax = \frac{-b \pm \sqrt{b^2 - 4ac}}{2a}

    Here:

    x=5±5242(3)22=5±25+244=5±494x = \frac{-5 \pm \sqrt{5^2 - 4 \cdot 2 \cdot (-3)}}{2 \cdot 2} = \frac{-5 \pm \sqrt{25 + 24}}{4} = \frac{-5 \pm \sqrt{49}}{4}

    This simplifies to:

    x=5±74x = \frac{-5 \pm 7}{4}

    Therefore:

    • x1=24=12x_1 = \frac{2}{4} = \frac{1}{2}
    • x2=124=3x_2 = \frac{-12}{4} = -3
  3. Calculate Corresponding y-values:

    • For x=12x = \frac{1}{2}:
      y=2(12)+5=6y = 2(\frac{1}{2}) + 5 = 6

    So one intersection point is (12,6)\left(\frac{1}{2}, 6\right).

    • For x=3x = -3:
      y=2(3)+5=1y = 2(-3) + 5 = -1

    So another intersection point is (3,1)(-3, -1).

Thus, the coordinates of the points of intersection of C and l are (12,6)\left(\frac{1}{2}, 6\right) and (3,1)(-3, -1).

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