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To what extent do anarchists disagree over human nature? You must use appropriate thinkers you have studied to support your answer and consider differing views in a balanced way. - Edexcel - A-Level Politics - Question 3 - 2022 - Paper 2
Question 3
To what extent do anarchists disagree over human nature? You must use appropriate thinkers you have studied to support your answer and consider differing views in a... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:To what extent do anarchists disagree over human nature? You must use appropriate thinkers you have studied to support your answer and consider differing views in a balanced way. - Edexcel - A-Level Politics - Question 3 - 2022 - Paper 2
Step 1
Disagreement between individualists and collectivists over human nature
Answer
There is a significant disagreement between individualists and collectivists regarding their views on human nature. Individualists, like Stirner, argue that human nature is inherently egotistical, which contrasts with the collectivist perspective posited by Kropotkin, who views human nature as naturally social and cooperative. This divergence highlights the fundamental disagreements among anarchists about what constitutes human nature.
Step 2
Disagreement over future societal changes
Answer
Furthermore, the disagreement on human nature reflects differing viewpoints on the future society envisioned by anarchists. Individualists emphasize self-interest and voluntary associations, while collectivists advocate for communal living and shared responsibilities. This disparity influences their respective proposals for societal organization.
Step 3
Disagreement over necessary changes to help human nature
Answer
There is also contention over what societal changes, if any, are required to nurture or improve human nature. While some anarchists believe in the necessity of state reformation to foster human development, others, such as those who align with Proudhon, argue for the establishment of collectives to enhance cooperation and mutual aid, reflecting their belief in the inherent potential of human interactions.
Step 4
Conclusion on the extent of disagreement
Answer
In conclusion, the disagreements among anarchists on human nature are substantial, with individualists and collectivists adopting distinctly different views. Despite some agreements on the inherent potential of humanity, the varying emphases on egoism versus altruism, as well as the proposed societal structures to support human development, underscore the depth of ideological rifts within anarchism.