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Using the source, evaluate the view – with specific reference to at least one devolved region using an alternative electoral system – that the case for PR to replace the Westminster FPTP voting system has now been established - Edexcel - A-Level Politics - Question 1 - 2022 - Paper 1
Question 1
Using the source, evaluate the view – with specific reference to at least one devolved region using an alternative electoral system – that the case for PR to replace... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Using the source, evaluate the view – with specific reference to at least one devolved region using an alternative electoral system – that the case for PR to replace the Westminster FPTP voting system has now been established - Edexcel - A-Level Politics - Question 1 - 2022 - Paper 1
Step 1
Compare and contrast different opinions in the source
Answer
The source discusses both the strengths and weaknesses of the First-past-the-post (FPTP) electoral system. It points out that while FPTP has historically ensured stable governments, it has also resulted in disproportionate representation. For example, the source emphasizes the issue that FPTP often leads to majority governments that fail to accurately represent the electorate's diverse political preferences.
In contrast, the alternative electoral systems used in devolved regions, such as the Additional Member System (AMS) in Scotland and the Single Transferable Vote (STV) in Northern Ireland, have demonstrated greater capacity to reflect the electorate's varied choices. AMS allows for both constituency representation and proportional representation, leading to coalition governments that can more accurately mirror the political landscape.
Step 2
Examine and debate these views in a balanced way
Answer
While the source argues for proportional representation (PR), it also acknowledges the stability that FPTP has traditionally provided. Critics of PR contend that it may lead to fragmented parliaments and unstable governments, as seen with systems like AMS where coalition governments can struggle to form and function smoothly.
However, the experiences in Scotland and Northern Ireland show that PR can promote a wider spectrum of political representation and possibly healthier political discourse by enabling more parties to gain representation. This, in turn, can better represent minority voices and prevent the marginalization of certain political perspectives.
Step 3
Assess and evaluate only the information presented in the source
Answer
The source asserts that FPTP has continued to fail in addressing the diverse needs of voters, producing outcomes that do not reflect voter preferences. With evidence from Northern Ireland and Scotland, it outlines how the STV and AMS have led to a greater alignment between voter choice and parliamentary representation.
Additionally, the source mentions that FPTP tends to disenfranchise voters, particularly in regions with minority party support. By focusing on the effectiveness of alternative electoral systems in managing such diversity, the argument builds a strong case for the adoption of PR at the Westminster level, illustrating how it can enhance democratic engagement and allow voters to feel more represented.