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Explain how political parties differ from pressure groups. - Edexcel - A-Level Politics - Question 2 - 2017 - Paper 1
Question 2
Explain how political parties differ from pressure groups.
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Explain how political parties differ from pressure groups. - Edexcel - A-Level Politics - Question 2 - 2017 - Paper 1
Step 1
Although pressure groups can and do stand in elections it is political parties who go on to form governments and compose the vast bulk of elected officials.
Answer
Political parties are central to governance as they compete in elections to gain the majority of seats in legislative bodies. Pressure groups, however, may engage in electoral competition but their main role is to influence policies rather than directly control governance.
Step 2
Linked to this it is clear that political parties have and are focused on obtaining a governing function where pressure groups seek to influence those in power.
Answer
Political parties create and implement policies when in power, contributing to overall governance. In contrast, pressure groups aim to persuade those in power to adopt specific policies without seeking to obtain governmental authority themselves.
Step 3
Political parties are much more accountable to the general public in contrast to pressure groups who do not have that same level of accountability.
Answer
Parties are held accountable through elections; they need to justify their policies and decisions to the electorate. Pressure groups do not face electoral scrutiny, and their accountability mechanisms are less direct, often relying on public awareness and advocacy.
Step 4
It is not unusual that some pressure groups will turn to direct action (and even illegal action) to highlight its cause, by contrast political parties very rarely take this route.
Answer
Political parties typically adhere to legal and democratic processes. Pressure groups, particularly those frustrated with traditional channels, may resort to activism or protests, including illegal actions, to draw attention to their causes.
Step 5
Many pressure groups have a narrower field of policies and ideas that do political parties who invariably have ideas and policies on a vast range of topics.
Answer
Political parties present broad platforms addressing various issues from the economy to social policies, while pressure groups often concentrate on single issues or a limited number of topics, advocating for specific changes.