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'Parliament carries out none of its functions adequately.' Discuss. - Edexcel - A-Level Politics - Question 4 - 2014 - Paper 2
Question 4
'Parliament carries out none of its functions adequately.' Discuss.
Worked Solution & Example Answer:'Parliament carries out none of its functions adequately.' Discuss. - Edexcel - A-Level Politics - Question 4 - 2014 - Paper 2
Step 1
Legislative Function
Answer
Parliament serves as the primary legislative body in the UK, responsible for passing Acts of Parliament. However, the effectiveness of its legislative function can be questioned. The Government follows a legislative timetable, and although there are opportunities for Private Members' Bills, such legislation often struggles to pass through the House of Commons and the House of Lords. For example, Private Members' Bills rarely succeed, and the House of Lords tends to restrict its contributions due to its limited power to influence legislation significantly.
Step 2
Legitimising Function
Answer
In addition to legislation, Parliament legitimises major national decisions, which is crucial for functioning democracy. For instance, Parliament's role in authorising military action (like the UK's intervention in Syria) highlights its legitimising function. However, this process can fail to reflect the collective voice of the populace, particularly when the government commands a majority in the House.
Step 3
Representative Function
Answer
Parliament is also tasked with representing the diverse needs of the UK population. While the House of Commons aims to be geographically representative, significant disparities exist in representation among political parties. This often leads to a disconnect between MPs and the specific needs of their constituents. The House of Lords, though designed to provide experience and expertise, does not replicate this representation effectively.
Step 4
Scrutiny and Accountability
Answer
Parliament's role in scrutinising government actions is another area deserving discussion. It holds the Prime Minister and other ministers accountable through debates and questioning. However, critiques often point out that ministers may evade accountability, diluting the effectiveness of parliamentary scrutiny. Furthermore, the work of departmental committees, although vital, might not cover the breadth of government actions adequately.