With reference to the source and your own knowledge, how can the Cabinet effectively challenge a Prime Minister? - Edexcel - A-Level Politics - Question 2 - 2018 - Paper 2

A divided Cabinet can present significant challenges to a Prime Minister. Such internal disagreements can undermine the Prime Minister's authority and create instability, as seen in cases where contradictory opinions lead to public disputes and policy paralysis.

When a Prime Minister fails in policy execution, it can strengthen the resolve of Cabinet Ministers to question or oppose the government's direction. For instance, John Major encountered significant challenges owing to various policy failures which galvanized his Cabinet to act more assertively.

The presence of political heavyweights within the Cabinet can also pose challenges to the Prime Minister. For instance, when Gordon Brown was Prime Minister, influential figures within his Cabinet often pressured him on critical issues, highlighting how strong personalities can significantly influence decisions.

In coalition or minority government situations, collaboration within the Cabinet is essential and dissent can arise more readily, enabling the Cabinet to leverage its power over the Prime Minister. They can challenge the Prime Minister on contentious issues and could threaten to withdraw support.

Contentious policies can create divisions among Cabinet members, leading to dissent. If a Prime Minister pushes forward with an unpopular policy, Cabinet members may express their disagreement publicly, which can ultimately force a reconsideration of the Prime Minister's stance.

Moreover, internal disagreement can manifest through public debates where Cabinet members take a different stance on key issues, as seen with David Cameron, whose colleagues confronted him on Europe. Such debates can erode the Prime Minister's credibility and mandate.