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Excluding committees, assess the means by which Parliament is able to control the executive. - Edexcel - A-Level Politics - Question 1 - 2016 - Paper 2
Question 1
Excluding committees, assess the means by which Parliament is able to control the executive.
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Excluding committees, assess the means by which Parliament is able to control the executive. - Edexcel - A-Level Politics - Question 1 - 2016 - Paper 2
Step 1
PM Questions
Answer
Parliament has mechanisms like PM questions where Members of Parliament (MPs) can directly pose inquiries related to executive issues. The Leader of the Official Opposition plays a critical role during these sessions. Critics argue that PM questions often amount to mere surface-level scrutiny; however, they also provide a platform for MPs to challenge the executive's decisions and policies.
Step 2
Ministerial Questions
Answer
Members of the House of Lords and MPs have the opportunity to question ministers directly about executive actions. This process can exert pressure on these officials and sometimes influence their political careers. Nonetheless, some critics suggest that this method may be largely cosmetic and not significantly impactful in overseeing the executive.
Step 3
House of Commons Controls
Answer
The House of Commons can exert control by preventing the executive from introducing certain legislation or by instigating revolts among backbench MPs. This process depends heavily on the government's majority, party unity, and the effectiveness of the opposition assembled against the executive.
Step 4
Votes of Confidence
Answer
Parliament can hold votes of confidence on specific issues or actions pertaining to the executive. Should a vote of confidence fail, it highlights the parliament's authority, as they maintain the ultimate sanction over the government and its ability to function. Nonetheless, these processes are frequently contingent on established conventions.
Step 5
Debates in Parliament
Answer
Both Houses of Parliament engage in debates that permit the executive to be questioned regarding its actions. These discussions allow members to seek clarity on government decisions and can serve as a critical platform for accountability. Experts and stakeholders may partake in debates to scrutinize the executive's rationale behind certain actions comprehensively.
Step 6
House of Lords Oversight
Answer
The House of Lords holds legislative power and can challenge the executive's decisions. Recent actions by the Lords, which have led to defeats for the executive, illustrate this point. Their capacity to restrict or modify legislation represents a significant avenue through which Parliament can assert control over the executive.