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Excluding committees, assess the means by which Parliament is able to control the executive. - Edexcel - A-Level Politics - Question 1 - 2016 - Paper 2
Question 1
Excluding committees, assess the means by which Parliament is able to control the executive.
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Excluding committees, assess the means by which Parliament is able to control the executive. - Edexcel - A-Level Politics - Question 1 - 2016 - Paper 2
Step 1
PM Questions
Answer
Parliament controls the executive through PM questions, where Members of Parliament (MPs) can question the Prime Minister directly about executive affairs. The Leader of the Official Opposition plays a vital role during these sessions. However, some critics argue that this process often serves as a platform for political posturing rather than effective scrutiny, thus limiting its real impact on executive control.
Step 2
Ministerial Questions
Answer
Members of both Houses have the chance to question ministers directly. This process may pressure ministers and can influence their political careers. Nevertheless, some observers argue that while it highlights issues within the executive, it often lacks substantial consequences, rendering it largely symbolic.
Step 3
Backbench Revolts
Answer
The House of Commons can also exercise control over the executive through backbench revolts. MPs may block legislation or prevent the introduction of new proposals by the executive. Ultimately, this form of control is heavily influenced by the government’s majority and party loyalty.
Step 4
Votes of Confidence
Answer
Votes of confidence are critical tools by which Parliament can exert pressure on the executive regarding distinct issues. If a vote of confidence is lost, it can lead to significant consequences for the government. This mechanism, however, often relies on the established conventions which dictate parliamentary behavior.
Step 5
Debates in Parliament
Answer
Debates serve as another avenue for questioning the executive, wherein Parliament can scrutinize government actions and seek accountability. These debates tend to be led by experts and facilitate thorough examination of executive decisions. Nonetheless, the outcomes are often constrained by party dynamics and the governmental majority.
Step 6
The House of Lords
Answer
The House of Lords also plays a role in controlling the executive by challenging and amending legislation. Recently, the Lords have influenced significant government actions, showcasing their authority to check the executive's power. This influence is pivotal yet operates within the framework of parliamentary democracy.