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Salmonella bacteria cause outbreaks of food poisoning in humans - AQA - GCSE Biology - Question 3 - 2023 - Paper 1
Question 3
Salmonella bacteria cause outbreaks of food poisoning in humans. To prevent food poisoning in humans, farmers vaccinate their animals against Salmonella bacteria. ... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Salmonella bacteria cause outbreaks of food poisoning in humans - AQA - GCSE Biology - Question 3 - 2023 - Paper 1
Step 1
How do Salmonella bacteria in food cause the symptoms of vomiting and diarrhoea?
Answer
Salmonella bacteria cause food poisoning primarily by releasing toxins. When these bacteria invade the intestines, they can damage the intestinal lining and disrupt normal digestive processes. This disruption leads to the symptoms of vomiting and diarrhoea as the body attempts to expel the harmful microbes.
Step 2
Explain how the immune systems of animals respond to a vaccination
Answer
When animals are vaccinated, a harmless form of the pathogen or its antigens is introduced into their body. This stimulates the immune system to produce specific antibodies against the pathogen. Memory cells are also formed, which enable the immune system to respond more rapidly and effectively if the real pathogen is encountered in the future.
Step 3
Explain how the immune response in farm animals prevents an outbreak of food poisoning in humans
Answer
The immune response in farm animals is crucial for preventing outbreaks of food poisoning in humans. When farm animals are vaccinated, they develop immunity against Salmonella bacteria. If these animals are later exposed to the bacteria, their immune system can combat the infection effectively, reducing the likelihood of the bacteria being transmitted to humans through consumption of contaminated meat or animal products.