A person’s eyes can focus on objects at different distances - AQA - GCSE Biology - Question 8 - 2023 - Paper 2
Question 8
A person’s eyes can focus on objects at different distances.
A person looks at a distant object.
The person then looks at a near object.
The person’s eyes make adjus... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:A person’s eyes can focus on objects at different distances - AQA - GCSE Biology - Question 8 - 2023 - Paper 2
Step 1
Which term describes the adjustment of focus from the distant object to the near object?
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Answer
The correct term for the adjustment of focus from a distant object to a near object is Accommodation. This process involves the eye's lens changing shape to ensure that the light rays from near objects are focused correctly on the retina.
Step 2
Which structure in Figure 14 is where the image is focused?
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Answer
The structure where the image is focused in Figure 14 is B (the retina). The retina is the light-sensitive layer at the back of the eye that converts light into neural signals.
Step 3
Which structure in Figure 14 is a muscle that contracts when focusing on a near object?
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Answer
The muscle that contracts when focusing on a near object in Figure 14 is E (the ciliary muscle). This muscle adjusts the tension on the lens to allow for fine focus.
Step 4
What happens to the shape of the lens when focusing on a near object?
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Answer
When focusing on a near object, the lens becomes fatter, thicker, or more curved. This increased curvature allows for better refraction of light rays from close objects.
Step 5
Describe how muscles in the iris help the person to see clearly when moving from a dimly-lit area to a brightly-lit area.
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Answer
In bright light, the circular muscles in the iris contract to reduce the size of the pupil. This contraction helps to limit the amount of light entering the eye, preventing damage and improving clarity of vision.
Step 6
Plan an investigation to test the effect of drinking coffee on reaction time.
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Answer
To test the effect of drinking coffee on reaction time, use a ruler drop test. One participant would catch the ruler with one hand after it is dropped. To increase validity:
Ensure all participants are of similar age, BMI, and general health.
Conduct repetitions of the test with and without coffee.
Control variables such as sleep, concentration, and environmental distractions.
