Reproduction can produce offspring which are:
• genetically different
or
• genetically identical - AQA - GCSE Biology - Question 3 - 2023 - Paper 2
Question 3
Reproduction can produce offspring which are:
• genetically different
or
• genetically identical.
Farmers grow tomato plants in greenhouses.
The tomatoes are so... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Reproduction can produce offspring which are:
• genetically different
or
• genetically identical - AQA - GCSE Biology - Question 3 - 2023 - Paper 2
Step 1
Suggest one advantage of growing tomato plants that are genetically identical.
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Answer
Growing genetically identical tomato plants ensures uniformity in flavor and appearance, which can meet specific customer preferences and enhance marketability.
Step 2
What is tissue culture?
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Answer
Tissue culture is a technique where a group of cells are grown in vitro (in a controlled environment) to produce new plants from small tissue samples, allowing for the propagation of genetically identical plants.
Step 3
Give one reason why genetically identical tomato plants growing in the same garden do not all grow to the same height.
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Answer
Even genetically identical plants can experience differences in growth due to varying environmental factors such as soil quality, light availability, and water supply.
Step 4
Complete the Punnett square diagram in Figure 4 to show the inheritance of sex in dogs.
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Answer
To fill in the Punnett square:
For male gametes, use X and Y.
For female gametes, use X and X.
Resulting Punnett square:
X
X
Y
XY
XY
X
XX
XX
This shows a 50% chance for XX (female) and a 50% chance for XY (male) offspring.
Step 5
Why would you expect there to be three male offspring and three female offspring?
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Answer
Based on the genetic probabilities shown in Question 03.5, with equal chances of X and Y sperm fertilizing the eggs, we would expect a roughly 1:1 ratio, leading to three males and three females in a total of six offspring.
Step 6
Suggest two control variables the farmer should have used in this investigation.
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Answer
Type/amount of food provided for the plants.
Watering schedule to ensure consistent moisture levels.
